Overview of the NEET Examination System in India

Overview of the NEET Examination System in India

The National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) is a pivotal examination in India for students aspiring to pursue undergraduate medical programs. Established to streamline the admission process for medical colleges, NEET replaced the All India Pre-Medical Test (AIPMT) and has become the sole national-level entrance exam for medical aspirants since its implementation.

NEET assesses candidates’ knowledge in subjects like Physics, Chemistry, and Biology through a standardized test format, ensuring uniformity in evaluating applicants across the country. The examination is conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA), which oversees the administration, scoring, and result declaration.

The NEET system aims to create a fair and transparent admission process, addressing disparities in state-level examinations. However, it has faced criticism regarding its syllabus alignment and the pressure it places on students. Recent discussions have highlighted the need for reforms to better align the curriculum with medical education requirements and to alleviate the stress experienced by candidates.

Overall, NEET plays a crucial role in shaping the future of aspiring medical professionals in India, serving as a gateway to some of the most prestigious medical institutions in the country.

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE DEPARTMENT
OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

LOK SABHA

UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 5678
TO BE ANSWERED ON 4TH APRIL, 2025

NEET EXAMINATION SYSTEM

Will the Minister of HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE be pleased to state:

(a) whether the per-capita number of doctors is far less than the WHO standards in the country and if so, the details thereof;

(b) the details of increase in the number of medical colleges and medical seats during the last five years, State/UT-wise;

(c) whether the Government proposes to make medical education more affordable and accessible and if so, the details thereof;

(d) whether the NEET examination system needs to be reformed so that poor students may get more opportunities; and

(e) if so, the details thereof?

ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

(SMT. ANUPRIYA PATEL)

(a) & (b): As per information provided by National Medical Commission (NMC), there are 13,86,150 registered allopathic doctors. The Ministry of AYUSH has informed that there are 7,51,768 registered practitioners in the AYUSH system of medicine. Assuming that 80% of registered practitioners in both the allopathic and AYUSH systems are available, the doctor- population ratio in the country is estimated to be 1:811. State-wise data regarding number of MBBS seats and medical colleges during last five years (from 2019-20 to 2023-24) is at Annexure.

(c): Fee structures differ from State to State vis-a-vis Government / Private Medical Colleges as per the guidelines issued by concerned State Fee Regulatory Authorities. In order to make medical education affordable and accessible in the country, the fee structure of Government medical colleges is heavily subsidized. Furthermore, Clause (i) of Sub-section

(1) of Section 10 of the National Medical Commission Act (NMC), 2019 provides for framing of guidelines for determination of fees and all other charges in respect of fifty percent (50%) of seats in private medical institutions and deemed to be universities which are governed under the provisions of the Act. Accordingly, NMC has framed the guidelines and the same was issued on 03.02.2022.

(d) & (e): The National Eligibility Cum Entrance Test (NEET) is an uniform National Eligibility- cum-Entrance Test for admission to the undergraduate, postgraduate and super- speciality medical education in all medical institutions which are governed by the provisions of National Medical Commission Act, 2019.

Annexure referred to in reply to part (a) and (b) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 5678 for answer on 04.04.2025

ANNEXURE

State-wise data regarding number of MBBS seats and medical colleges during last five years (from 2019-20 to 2023-24)

* Number of INIs and their MBBS seats for the year 2023-24 are included in concerned State/UT.

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